Tuesday, May 8, 2007
Narrowing the GAP between the rich and the poor
How did Indonesia narrow the poor rich gap in the use of the delivery services by professional attendants?
A recent study conducted by IMMPACT demonstrated that deployment of large number of village midwives (Bidan di desa) during 1991-97 in Indonesia resulted in major increase in the attendance of deliveries by medically trained professionals. The most remarkable finding is that the women of the lowest 40 percent of economic status received much of the benefits from this intervention. However, life saving intervention, like Caesarean Section still remains very low among the poor people. (Laurel et al. 2006)
A recent study conducted by IMMPACT demonstrated that deployment of large number of village midwives (Bidan di desa) during 1991-97 in Indonesia resulted in major increase in the attendance of deliveries by medically trained professionals. The most remarkable finding is that the women of the lowest 40 percent of economic status received much of the benefits from this intervention. However, life saving intervention, like Caesarean Section still remains very low among the poor people. (Laurel et al. 2006)
How many are poor in Indonesia?
The number of poor people currently living in Indonesia varies depending on the definition we use. According the Ministry of National Development Planning (BAPPENAS) there were 39 Million People living below the national poverty line in 2006. This number increases to 116 Million if the poverty line is set at US$2 day. However, the number of poor is only 16 Million if the poverty line is considered at US$1/day.
The government aims to reduce the number of people living below the national poverty line to 18.8 Million by 2009.
Note: The methodology for estimatiing the number of poor using the national poverty line was changed in 1996.
The government aims to reduce the number of people living below the national poverty line to 18.8 Million by 2009.
Note: The methodology for estimatiing the number of poor using the national poverty line was changed in 1996.
Micro-credit
Does micro-credit help empower women?
How does micro-credit improve access of women to reproductive health services and information?
Does conditional cash transfer work for increased access to reproductive health services?
How does micro-credit improve access of women to reproductive health services and information?
Does conditional cash transfer work for increased access to reproductive health services?
Pro-poor
What is pro-poor economic growth?
Currently two school of thoughts dominate the literature:
Currently two school of thoughts dominate the literature:
The first school of thought define pro-poor growth as any distributional shifts in economic growth that favors the poor, i.e., poverty falls more than it would have if all incomes had grown at the same rate (Baulch & McCullock 2000; Kakwani & Pernia 2000).
The second school of thought argues that a 'growth is said to be 'pro-poor' if and only if poor people benefit in absolute terms, as reflected in an appropriate measure of poverty." (Ravallion and Chen 2003)
For details, please see the following articles:
Baulch, Robert and Neil McCulloch (2000), ‘Tracking pro-poor growth.’ ID21 insights No. 31. Sussex: Institute of Development Studies.
Kakwani, Nanak and E. Pernia, (2000),'What Is Pro-Poor Growth?’ Asian Development Review. 18(1): 1-16. Ravallion, Martin and Chen, Shaohua (2003), ‘Measuring Pro-Poor Growth,’ Economics Letters, 78(1), 93-99.
What interventions can help pro-poor growth?
What evidence do we have?
Monday, May 7, 2007
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